Difference between revisions of "Licensing"
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Revision as of 18:07, 19 July 2020
Welcome to view an exercise of the many possibilities of remixing content in Wikidocumentaries and how to license them!
What is this?
What is Wikidocumentaries?
Wikidocumentaries is a maker space for citizen historians. It collects data and content from openly licensed outlets around the world about any topic – people, places, buildings, events and more. The topics cover everything that Wikipedia does, and it is possible to add even more personal, local, or generally less recognized historical topics to Wikidocumentaries.
Wikidocumentaries is made not only for exploring but for reusing the materials that are found in it. It will be possible to annotate, correct data, locate and identify, or use the materials as part of further works. Wikidocumentaries will provide functions and tools for this work.
What is this page?
This is an overview of licensing issues related to existing and imagined reuse opportunities provided by the site. This page is created as an exercise in the Creative Commons Certificates program, but it will remain as an overview and reference for guiding our reuse practices.
If you have ideas or questions related to this exercise, please add them to the talk page. (Unfortunately joining the wiki is still a bit of a pain, but please give it a try! You can also mail wikidocumentaries@gmail.com or use any of the other comms methods mentioned in the menu at the bottom of the page.)
Basic types of combining media
In order to specify the licensing conditions for each type of use, we must be clear on the basic concepts affecting copyright and licensing.
Derivative work/adaptation/remix
A derivative work – it can also be called an adaptation or a remix – is created when one or more works are altered in a way that creates a new copyrightable work.
Derivative works are created for example when works are translated, or adapted from one medium to the other, like creating a film out of a book.
In order for the resulting work to be protected by copyright, a level of originality must be presented, and the level varies by jurisdiction.
Alterations that produce an adaptation
- Cropping
- Color correcting
- Translating
- Adapting for another medium
- Syncing a musical work with a moving image is an adaptation regardless of what applicable copyright law may otherwise provide.
- The data about the media, the metadata, cannot be transformed either unless the license of the image allows. Many aggregators now require that the metadata of their partnering institutions must be in CC0 to allow the aggregators to clean, format and enrich the metadata without additional permissions.
- The Creative Commons 4.0 license condition ND (NoDerivatives) prohibits sharing derivatives of a work. It is still possible to create them, as long as they are not shared.
- CC0 license for the metadata makes it easier to combine media metadata.
- Postcard scenario
- Warping maps
- Translating articles
Not an adaptation
The reuse is not considered an adaptation if the new work is not based on or derived from the original work.
- Technical format-shifting (for example, converting a licensed work from a digital format to a physical copy)
- Fixing minor problems with spelling or punctuation
- Reproducing and putting works together into a collection
- Including an image in connection with text, as in a blog post, a powerpoint, or an article
Part of a collection
The works become part of a collection if the reuse is not considered an adaptation. In Wikidocumentaries we are interacting with several layers or collections. Images are released by museums, archives and libraries from their collections. At this stage they enter the collections of the aggregators. When Wikidocumentaries reads those images they become part of Wikidocumentaries collections.
None of these transitions changes the images or their copyright status. Wikidocumentaries displays the images along with the attribution to the original creators. Out of courtesy, Wikidocumentaries also displays the originating institution and the aggregator.
- It is not required to apply Creative Commons ShareAlike license to the resulting collection if SA-licensed works are used in it.
- It is possible to use Creative Commons ND-licensed works in the resulting work and combine it with other works.
- Image collection
- Saved search result display
- Mapstory?
Reading media to Wikidocumentaries
Wikidocumentaries displays materials from several outlets. These outlets are content aggregators that gather and display material from other organisations. All the source images have their individual copyright status and licenses. Currently Wikidocumentaries only reads media that is compatible with Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA or more open). With more detailed control we could display more content but limit reuse of the content if the licenses do not allow that.
Media is currently read from the following services
- Finna, the Finnish content aggregator for museums, archives, and libraries. Includes PD, CC-licensed media, and copyrighted media. Media is hosted at the source organizations.
- Wikimedia Commons: Images, maps. Includes PD and CC-licensed media media.
- Creative Commons Search: Images. Includes PD and CC-licensed media media.
- Europeana: Images. Includes PD, CC-licensed media, and copyrighted media. Media is hosted at the source organisations.
- Flickr: Images. Includes PD, CC-licensed media, and copyrighted media.
More content in the future
Storing and reading user-contributed images
The core of Wikidocumentaries is to facilitate weaving personal, less-recognized or local materials into the big data fabric. In order to do so, we need to solve in which services to direct the users to store their materials and how to make them recognizable for reading into Wikidocumentaries. Such services include local history projects such as the Topotheques, or a global service such as Internet Archive, or commercial services like Google Photos. All of them require the materials to be CC licensed in order to make them available for remix at Wikidocumentaries.
Reading more material types
There are many exciting media sources available for reuse, such as newspaper archives, sound libraries, video and film archives, bibliographic resources, full-text literary works, historical maps, data repositories with or without linked data to name a few. Any of them can be used to discovering ever more material and to provide more chances for remixing the works.
Reuse scenarios in Wikidocumentaries
Displaying and distributing
Display aggregated images of the topic page
Images are searched from several open repositories based on variants and language versions of the names of the topic
See the live page
View image metadata
(Click on any image in the live view)
See the concept page
Search newspaper articles
Search, clip and display newspaper articles related to the topic.
See the concept page
Enriching metadata
Add or change the location an image was shot in
Create structured metadata
Curate images
Creating new works based on other works
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Saving a Wikidocumentaries search result display
Wikidocumentaries data is displayed in components. One displays people related to the topic while another displays works depicting the topic. The componenents can be viewed in different ways: visual gallery and list views are currently available, timeline and map views will be created. The data and the resulting imagery in the components can be filtered, faceted and sorted. Data from different components can be displayed together on a map or a timeline or a combination of them. The configuration of these elements can be saved, and the resulting graphic can be exported. Currently, all data and images used in these components are from Wikimedia projects, which makes them unproblematic. What would be the situation be if more sources were added?
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| Kuva | Postcard scenario
This tool does not exist yet, but could be created. The user can pick any image and create a postcard of it by cropping the image, altering the colors, adding text and graphics on top. Graphic styles can imitate styles digitized from material shared on the platform.
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| Kuva | Mapstory
Mapstories have not been realized yet, either. They are narratives that combine still images, text, map views, audio and video. Each frame includes a combination of several mediatypes, and there are transitions between each frame. Good examples of mapstories are these for example.
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Mapwarper
The user can pick any scanned map found via Wikidocumentaries and rectify it. The process produces a distorted map image that aligns with a digital world map and can be used as a layer on top of it. The resulting ground control points can be saved and used to distort the original map again, also in another environment.
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| Kuva | Translating articles |
| Kuva | Sisältösolu |
Wikidocumentaries licensing
Wikidocumentaries itself is a collection that brings together content and tools. Each of the components has their own copyright status, and Wikidocumentaries service has its own. So do the user contributions on the site.
Wikidocumentaries service
Wikidocumentaries license is CC BY 4.0, which covers for example the layouts and the original texts.
User contributions
All user contributions that are considered data, will be licensed with CC0. Any remixes will be licensed with CC BY 4.0.
Translations
The user interface translations are created in translatewiki.net and licensed CC BY 3.0.
Source code
The source code of the user interface is licensed with GNU General Public License.
Conclusions
- In order to ensure the compatibility of the source materials for remix, they should be uploaded to Wikimedia Commons before they can be remixed.
- There should be a similar normalizing process for user-contributed materials that fall outside the project scope of Wikimedia Commons.
- It is useful to display media with restrictive licensing to be able to identify falsely restricted or licensed works. Their reuse should be limited.
| About | Technology | Design | Content modules | Tool pages | Projects |
| Status
Wikidocumentaries Slack |
Setting up dev environment |
Components |
Active modules Module ideas |
Visual editor | Central Park Archives |
